March 31st, 2022: Nidal Jom’a Ja’afra, 30, was shot and killed by an illegal paramilitary Israeli colonizer after he allegedly stabbed another colonizer at a bus stop near the illegal colony of Efrat, built on stolen Palestinian lands, south of Bethlehem in the occupied West Bank.
The Palestinian District Coordination Office informed the Palestinian Health Ministry that the slain man was officially identified as Nidal Jom’a Ja’afra, 30, from Tarqoumia town, west of Hebron.
The soldiers refused to allow Palestinian medics into the area and took his corpse to an unknown location.
The Israeli occupation army claimed the Palestinian was killed after he stabbed and injured a 30-year-old settler.
It added that another paramilitary settler fatally shot the Palestinian after the alleged stabbing incident.
According to medical sources, the wounded Israeli, 28, was rushed to the emergency unit at the Shaare Zedek Hospital in Jerusalem and will undergo surgery. His condition has been described as serious but stable.
Also, the Israeli army closed the main road between Bethlehem and Hebron, isolated the entire area, and forced all Palestinian vehicles to leave.
The soldiers also closed Aqabat Hasna and Nashash areas at the southern and western roads leading to the Al-Khader town and Bethlehem.
In Hebron, in the southern part of the West Bank, the soldiers invaded the Bab az-Zawiya area in the city’s center, leading to protests, before firing a barrage of gas bombs and concussion grenades at the Palestinians, causing dozens of injuries. The soldiers also invaded and ransacked at least one home.
Nidal was from Tarqoumia town, west of Hebron. Source: IMEMC
March 30, 2022: Dia’ Hamarsha, 27, was shot and killed by an Israeli police officer after allegedly shooting to death five Israelis in a suburb of Tel Aviv. This was the third attack in three days, and Israel declared the highest level of alert in light of the developments.
Israeli sources identified the Israelis killed as Yaakov Shalom, 36, Avishai Yhezkel, 29, from Bnei Brak, officer Amir Khouri, 32, from Nazareth.
The remaining two are Ukraine Nationals whose names are yet to be officially released. Only referred to, so far, as Shasha and Dima, two workers from Ukraine who were eating outdoors.
An Israeli police spokesperson said the Palestinian young man carried the fatal shootings out in two areas in Bnei Brak, east of Tel Aviv, and added that one of the Israelis killed in the attack was an officer who tried to stop the attack.
The spokesperson added that the four other Israeli civilians were shot dead by the Palestinian.
Israeli daily Haaretz said footage from the scene shows the Palestinian armed with an assault rifle before entering a convenience store and shooting one young man who fled to a nearby building.
“The shooter then aimed his rifle at another person riding on a bike but missed and opened fire at a passing car. The car stopped after the initial fire, at which point the assailant came closer to it and fired through the window at the driver, who was killed,” Haaretz added.
Haaretz quoted the Israeli police stating that the Palestinian was shot dead by an officer, identified as Amir Khoury, 32.
The Palestinian who carried the shooting out was identified as Dia’ Hamarsha, 27, from Ya’bad town, west of the northern West Bank city of Jenin. In 2013, he was detained by Israel and spent six months in prison.
The police initiated massive searches in the area and detained a Palestinian construction worker who had no work permit but apparently had nothing to do with the shooting.
Israeli Defense Minister Benny Gantz held a meeting with the Army Chief of Staff and the head of the Shin Bet security service, the head of military intelligence, and the head of military operations to assess the situation.
Haaretz said the Israeli Security Cabinet plans to hold a meeting to discuss the fatal attack and assess the situation.
Israeli Ynet News stated that Magen David Adom paramedics said they found the corpses of the Palestinian and one Israeli in Hertzl Street in Bnei Barak.
It added that another Israeli was found dead inside his car, and two Israelis were shot dead on Bialik Street in the predominantly ultra-Orthodox city.
The Ynet stated that another Israeli was seriously injured after suffering multiple gunshot wounds to his body and was rushed to Beilinson Hospital in critical condition.”
Hours after the fatal shooting, dozens of Israeli military vehicles were deployed around Ya’bad town, before isolating the entire area.
In Hebron, in the southern part of the West Bank, illegal Israeli colonizers attacked and caused damage to dozens of Palestinian cars and closed many roads in several parts of the city and its surrounding areas.
The colonizers also attacked and caused damage to many Palestinian cars near Ramallah, in the central West Bank, Jenin, Tulkarem, and Nablus in the northern part of the occupied territory.
One Palestinian, Zaki Abdul-Rahim Oleiwi, 41, was also injured after several colonizers attacked him near Shavei Shomron illegal colony, built on Palestinian lands northwest of Nablus.
The Palestinian, from Sebastia town near Nablus, suffered a fracture in the army and several bruises before he was rushed to Rafidia hospital in Nablus.
In occupied Jerusalem, an Israeli colonizer rammed a Palestinian with his car at the al-Ezariyah junction, while many colonizers hurled stones at Palestinians and their cars in the at-Tour town and several other areas, causing damage.
The Palestinian, Fadi Damiri from Silwan town, was rushed to a hospital in Jerusalem.
Israeli soldiers also abducted a young Palestinian man in the Bab al-Amoud area, in Jerusalem.
Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas denounced the shooting and stated that the ongoing killing of Palestinian and Israeli civilians would only lead to further deterioration and expressed his support for all efforts that would lead to achieving stability and avoiding escalation, especially due to the upcoming Jewish, Christian, and Islamic holidays.
Abbas also warned that illegal Israeli colonizers in the West Bank would likely escalate their ongoing violations and attacks against the Palestinians.
“Comprehensive and just peace is the shortest and fastest way to achieve security and stability for the Palestinians and the Israelis,” he added.
Dia’ was from Ya’bad town, west of the northern West Bank city of Jenin. Source: IMEMC
March 25, 2022: Fatma Jalal al-Masri, 1, was declared dead at the Gaza European Hospital after she was denied access to a hospital outside Gaza by Israeli authorities at the Erez crossing.
Fatma was subjected to Israel’s arbitrary and discriminatory permit system, which delays access to hospitals outside the Strip and denies care in around 30 percent of urgent cases. The continued movement restrictions by Israeli authorities on Palestinian patients in the Gaza Strip systematically violate inhabitants’ right to health by aggravating health conditions and placing numerous barriers to health access.
According to Al Mezan, Fatma’s legal representative, she was diagnosed with a ventricular septal defect in 2021. Despite having obtained a medical referral from the Palestinian Ministry of Health and confirming three hospital appointments at Al-Makassed Hospital in Jerusalem, Israeli authorities denied Fatma the requisite exit permit to travel to Jerusalem for the appointments, the last of which was on 5 March 2022.
The young patient’s health deteriorated over the course of several months of denied care and she died three weeks after her last missed appointment.
Al Mezan deeply regrets Fatma’s death and strongly condemns Israel’s ongoing closure of the Gaza Strip and its associated restrictions on the movement of Palestinians, which includes denying patients access to the hospitals in the West Bank, East Jerusalem, Israel, and abroad.
Al Mezan’s documentation shows that since 2011, 71 Palestinians—including 25 women and nine children—have died following Israel’s denial of requests for exit permits and delays. Notably, Israel’s targeted, discriminatory permit system is one of the practices and policies at the core of its apartheid regime against the Palestinian people as a whole.
This case is yet another example of Israel’s continuing violation of international humanitarian and human rights law and its obligations as an occupying power, notably to respect and ensure freedom of movement in occupied territory and to guarantee the right to health of the occupied population.
These obligations bear greater weight when involving children and as provided in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, Israel has an obligation to ensure to the maximum extent possible the survival and development of the child. Delaying access to necessary medical care for a toddler for more than five months is unwarranted and grave.
Al Mezan emphasizes that Israel is fully responsible for Fatma’s death as the occupying power and relevant duty bearer in these circumstances.
The State’s persistent breaches of its international law obligations require the intervention of the international community and accountability of perpetrators.
Al Mezan calls on the international community—in particular, the High Contracting Parties to the 1949 Geneva Conventions—to uphold their moral and legal obligations vis-à-vis the protected Palestinian people and to ensure Israel complies with its obligations under international law, ends the closure and blockade on the Gaza Strip, and stops its ongoing restrictions of Palestinian patients’ access to medical care outside the Gaza Strip.
March 24, 2022: Mohammad Ghaleb Abu al-Kian, 34, was shot and killed by a bystander after he killed four Israelis in Beersheba, in southern Israel.
According to Israeli media, al-Kian was driving a car, and ran over Rabbi Moshe Kravitsky, who was riding a bicycle.
He then allegedly drove to a gas station, where he exited the vehicle and stabbed Laura Yitzhak.
Following that stabbing, he drove to a nearby shopping center, exited the car, and stabbed Yehezkel and Yahbas. A bus driver then shot and killed al-Kian.
The four Israelis killed were buried on Wednesday, following Jewish tradition to bury the body soon after death.
They were identified as Doris Yahbas, 49, Laura Yitzhak, 43, Menach Yehezkel Menuchin, 67, and Moshe Kravitsky, 50.
Just days before this attack, Journalist Israel Harel wrote a piece in the Israeli daily Ha’aretz praising the Israeli government’s decision to further displace the Bedouin population in the Negev.
Harel wrote, “In the first stage, 20,000 apartments will be built, as well as an industrial zone for advanced technology. In addition to finding a solution to the dire housing shortage among the ultra-Orthodox community, the city, in the specific site on which it will be constructed, will assist, in this initiative’s secondary objective, to halt, even if only in part, the process through which the Negev is being taken over by the Bedouin community, a process which in recent years has taken on alarming proportions.”
The Israeli Hadash party condemned the attack and said, “the way of violence is not the way of the Arab public in general and the Negev in particular and is not part of the just struggle of the Negev Arabs against the dispossession and oppression,” the Jerusalem Post said.
“We already hear the instigators intend to use the tragedy to ignite a racist fire and lead to violence against Arab citizens. They must not be allowed to exploit the murder of innocent people to lead to more violence,” added the party.
It is worth mentioning that Abu al-Kiyan, a Bedouin man from Hura town, was previously imprisoned by Israel, and a security source told Haaretz the assailant was a known ISIS supporter.
Several Palestinian Authority officials denounced the attack in letters to Israeli counterparts.
The Israeli police and Internal Security arrested two members of Mohammad’s family under the suspicion that they “knew about the attack, but failed to stop it, however, the allegations could not be substantiated.
According to the Negev News Arab website, the Abu al-Kian family strongly denounce the attack and said Mohammad does not represent the family and its beliefs and sent its condolences to the victims and their families.
The Arabs48 news website has reported that “The High Arab Steering Committee in the Negev” also denounced the attack and said it does not represent the Arab residents of the Negev.
It added that the attack also tries to paint the Arabs in the Negev as guilty and racist, and said: “Despite the long history of racism, discrimination and incitement against us, and despite what we have recently been facing, including attacks by Israeli militias targeting our very own existence, we continue to believe in the civil struggle within the law until achieving out full and equal rights for everybody in the Negev.”
The Committee expressed its condolences to the families, wished a full recovery to the wounded, and warned of the increasing incitement by Israeli fanatics against the Bedouins in the Negev.
“We all need to act responsibly, and we warn that incitement is just going to bring more suffering against the Arabs in general, and the Bedouins in particular,” the Committee said, “There are some in Israel, especially the extreme right wing, who are using this tragedy for political gains and are inciting against us and our existence.”
Mohammad was from the Negev, in southern Israel. Source: IMEMC
March 15, 2022: Sanad Salem al-Harbad, 27, was shot and killed by undercover Israeli police in the Bedouin city of Rahat, in the Negev.
The slain young father of three children, identified as Sanad Salem al-Harbad, 27, was shot by undercover Israeli police during search and arrest operations.
The police alleged that shots were fired at them but failed to provide proof that the young man was involved in the alleged shooting. No officers were injured.
Palestine TV published a statement by the ‘Supreme Steering Committee’ holding the occupation responsible for the killing of the young father of three.
“The Negev is facing a campaign of systematic incitement and distortion from the trumpets of the authority and its media to demonize it and prevent solidarity with it and allow the authoritarian institutions to carry out their crimes, the most recent of which was the execution of the field martyr Sanad Salem Al-Harbad, who was on his way from his home to his place of work.” – The Supreme Steering Committee
The statement added that al-Harbad;
“Was shot by an undercover unit disguised as a Bedouin in an old Toyota jeep, leaving the injured person bleeding and preventing ambulances from entering for an hour is a crime in itself.” – The Supreme Steering Committee
The Times of Israel claimed that the slain young man was not a suspect in the shooting.
Contrary to Police allegation, further investigation revealed that the undercover officer shot Sanad with a round in the upper back and one in the lower extremities.
Israeli daily Haaretz said the Police Investigation Unit (Mahash) revealed that the officer who killed Sanad claimed that he felt his life was in danger and that he shot the Palestinian after he pointed his gun at him from a distance of about six meters.
However, the Mahash investigation revealed that Sanad had his back turned to the officer who shot him.
The officer shot Sanad in the lower extremities and then delivered the fatal shot to his upper back after falling to the ground.
The Arabs48 News Website said the undercover officers took Sanad, who was injured but still alive, to the police station where he succumbed to his wounds.
The officer will likely be subject to further interrogation; Haaretz said Mahash has decided to suspend the officer for a week and take his weapon.
The Mahash investigation also revealed that two people approached the officer and exchanged fire with him before they managed to escape unharmed.
It is worth mentioning that Israel Omer Bar-Lev, the Israeli Minister of Public Security, expressed his support to the officer who killed Sanad, while the Israeli Police Commissioner Kobi Shabtai claimed the killing of Sanad is connected to the killing of Nader Haitham Rayyan, 17, in Balata refugee camp, east of Nablus, and the killing of Ala’ Mohammad Shaham, 22, in Qalandia refugee camp, north of occupied Jerusalem, are connected.
The Mayor of Rahat, Fayez Abu Sheiban, denounced the killing of the young man and told the Kan public broadcaster “I hope it does not lead to riots. Residents told me that the young man who was killed was a passerby and was not connected to the shooting.”
Talking to the Palestinian TV Abu Sheiban said the fact that Israel sends undercover forces to kill a Palestinian citizen of Israel, even if they had planned to abduct him, shows that Israel’s leadership and the police have two sets of laws applied to Israelis and Palestinian citizens of Israel.
“We are the natives, the indigenous of this land, we didn’t come here as settlers, or immigrated from various parts of the world,” Abu Sheiban stated, “If the police wanted to arrest someone they can come and arrest him instead of sending undercover soldiers to kill him.”
March 15, 2022: Ala’ Mohammad Shaham, 22, was shot and killed by Israeli forces in the Qalandia refugee camp, north of occupied Jerusalem in the West Bank, according to the Palestinian Ministry of Health.
The Ministry added that the young man, identified as Ala’ Mohammad Shaham, 22, was shot with live rounds in the head and died instantly.
Soldiers also shot and injured six other young men with live rounds, who were all transferred to the Palestine Medical Complex in Ramallah.
Two more young men from the refugee camp were abducted by Israeli soldiers and taken to an unknown location.
The Palestinian was not part of protests but was heading to his work in the al-Ram town but was met with Israeli soldiers who invaded the refugee camp before they fired several fatal live rounds at him.
His father, Mohammad, said Ala’ loved his work and was a very compassionate, loving young man who always helped his family and his friends.
“He was the youngest of my three children,” the father said, “He was a hardworking young man who always helped us,” Mohammad added, “What can I say, thank God for everything, may his soul rest in peace…”
According to the Palestinian Center for Human Rights (PCHR) investigation and eyewitnesses’ testimonies regarding the murder in Qalandia camp, at approximately 07:30 on Tuesday, 15 March 2022, a large Israeli force moved into Qalandia camp, north of occupied East Jerusalem, from two sides. During the invasion, Israeli snipers topped the roofs of houses and residential buildings while Israeli forces raided and searched several houses and abducted Wesam ‘Ataa Abu Latifa and Mohammed Hasan Abu Latifa.
Afterwards, dozens of Palestinian young men gathered on the camps streets and topped the houses roofs. They threw stones and empty bottles at the soldiers, who fired heavy live bullets at them. As a result, 7 civilians sustained live bullet wounds; one of them was ‘Alaa Mohammed al-Shahaam (24), who was shot with several live bullets in his head and all over his body while topped one of the houses’ roof. All the wounded were taken a Medical Complex in Ramallah, where medical sources announced the death of al-Shahaam upon his arrival at the hospital while the health condition of the other wounded was stable.
PCHR points out that Israeli murders of Palestinian civilians have been on the rise, including the use of snipers and direct shooting to kill, harm, and cause severe injuries, ascertaining that these crimes are done without justification So far in 2022, Israeli forces have killed 16 Palestinian civilians, including 4 children, and wounded tens of others, including women and children; all of them are residents of the West Bank, including occupied East Jerusalem.
In related news, Israeli troops killed a Palestinian child, Nader Haitham Rayyan, 17, early Tuesday morning after storming the Balata refugee camp, east of the northern West Bank city of Nablus, in addition to shooting and injuring three more young men.
The slain child suffered serious wounds and was transferred to Rafidia Hospital in Nablus, where he succumbed to his wounds.
The Palestinian Health Ministry said Israeli soldiers have killed twenty Palestinians since the beginning of this year.
Since the beginning of 2022, the army has killed twenty Palestinians in the occupied Palestinian territories, the Ministry of Health reported.
Various Palestinian factions called on retaliation and ongoing resistance against the illegal occupation and the escalating Israeli crimes against the Palestinian people, their homes, lands, and holy sites.
Ala’ was from Qalandia refugee camp in the central West Bank. Source: IMEMC, PCHR
March 15, 2022: Nader Haitham Rayyan, 17, was shot and killed by Israeli forces who invaded Balata refugee camp, east of Nablus in the northern part of the occupied West Bank. In addition to killing Nader, the soldiers also injured three other youth with live rounds.
Medical sources in Nablus have confirmed that the soldiers fatally shot Nader Haitham Rayyan, 17, in addition to causing moderate-to-severe wounds to three other Palestinians. Palestinian medics rushed the slain child and the wounded Palestinians to Rafidia hospital in Nablus.
According to investigations conducted by the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR) and an eyewitness statement, at approximately 06:00 on Tuesday, 15 March 2022, an Israeli special force from “Yamam Unit” sneaked into al-Quds Street adjacent to Balata camp, east of Nablus, via white Volkswagen “Shuttle” vehicle and surrounded ‘Ammar ‘Arafat (22)’s house. A few minutes later, several Israeli backup patrols moved into the camp, while “Yamam Unit” arrested ‘Arafat and slowly withdrew towards Huwwara military checkpoint. During their withdrawal, Palestinian young men chased the patrols and threw stones at them, while Israeli soldiers opened fire at the Palestinians, wounding 3 of them, including a child.
At around 06:30, a motorcycle carrying two children was passing behind the Israeli patrols and traveling on the left side of al-Quds Street near al-Quds School. Israeli forces opened fire at the motorcycle, so the two children got off and ran towards a sloping area near the school while Israeli soldiers continued to open fire at them. After the soldiers’ withdrawal, the body of Nader Haitham Fathi Rayyan (16) was found and taken to Rafidia Hospital in Nablus. It turned out that Rayyan sustained wounds in his abdomen after being shot with a live bullet that entered his abdomen and exited his chest. Also, he was shot with another live bullet that penetrated his chest from the right side.
Media sources said several armored military vehicles invaded the al-Quds Street in Balata, stormed and ransacked the home of Ammar Arafat before abducting him.
Video Player
00:00
01:18
They added that the soldiers immediately started firing live rounds and a barrage of gas bombs after invading the refugee camp, leading to protests.
They added that the soldiers fired many live rounds at the protesters, in addition to gas bombs, concussion grenades, and rubber-coated steel bullets.
Video Player
In related news, undercover Israeli soldiers invaded the Qalandia refugee camp north of occupied Jerusalem, leading to protests.
Nader was from Balata camp, in the northern West Bank. Source: IMEMC, PCHR
March 09, 2022: Ahmad Hikmat Saif, 23, died from severe wounds he suffered a week earlier, after Israeli soldiers shot him in the village of Burqa northwest of Nablus, in the northern part of the occupied West Bank.
The soldiers shot Ahmad with three live rounds in the chest and abdomen during protests that erupted when the army invaded the village and attacked dozens of Palestinians who marched in solidarity with political prisoners held by Israel and facing constant violations of their rights.
Ahmad had undergone several surgeries and remained in a severe condition at the Intensive Care Unit in a hospital in Nablus until he succumbed to his serious wounds.
The medical director of the an-Najah Hospital in Nablus, Dr. Abdul-Karim Barqawi, said Ahmad suffered a gunshot wound to the spine before the bullet lodged in his lung and two bullets in the left thigh and leg.
He required twenty-five units of blood due to severe bleeding in the chest and abdomen and was hooked to respiratory machines but remained in a critical condition due to the severe damage to his internal organs.
Dr. Abdul-Karim added that Ahmad suffered severe bleeding when one of the bullets severed the main artery and required intensive treatment of his internal organs severely damaged by the bullets.
It is worth mentioning that Ahmad was shot on March 1st, just hours after his engagement when he participated in a nonviolent procession in Burqa in solidarity with the Palestinian political prisoners in Israeli jails.
“I was sitting with him just a few hours before he was shot, we were talking about our future, dreams… and I wanted to accompany him to Burqa, but when I heard that the army was isolating it, I decided to stay because I was afraid I won’t make it back home in Nablus,” his fiancé said, “Just a few hours later, I was told he was shot by the soldiers and is in a critical condition.”
“I went to the hospital, I waited by the surgery room, and I saw the doctors taking him to the Intensive Care Unit…,” she added, “our official engagement ceremony and the party was scheduled for this coming June, but now they took him away from me…”
Burqa and surrounding villages witness constant Israeli invasions and violations by the soldiers and the illegal colonialist settlers, who repeatedly try to reoccupy Palestinian lands in and around the location of the former Homesh colony, which Israel evacuated in the year 2005.
Ahmad was from Burqa village, north of Nablus. Source: IMEMC
March 6, 2022: Yamen Nafez Jaffal, 16, was killed by Israeli soldiers who invaded Abu Dis town, east of occupied Jerusalem, in the West Bank.
Media sources said several army jeeps invaded the town, leading to protests before the soldiers fired many live rounds, rubber-coated steel bullets, gas bombs, and concussion grenades.
Medical sources said the soldiers who Yamen with a live round prevented Palestinian medics from approaching him, and he subsequently bled to death.
The sources added that the medics were not allowed to approach the child even after he died before the soldiers took his corpse away.
The soldiers also fired many gas bombs at the Palestinian ambulance and the medics, forcing them away and causing many Palestinians to suffer the effects of tear gas inhalation.
The Israeli army claimed the slain child hurled a Molotov cocktail at Israeli military vehicles invading Abu Dis before the soldiers fatally shot him.
The army also said the soldiers fired live rounds at another Palestinian who managed to escape unharmed.
On Sunday at dawn, Israeli soldiers killed Karim Jamal al-Qawasmi, 19, from the at-Tour town, in occupied Jerusalem, after shooting him near Bab Hutta gate, north of the Al-Aqsa Mosque.
On March 01, 2022, the soldiers killed Ammar Shafiq Abu Afifa, 21, near Beit Fajjar town, south of Bethlehem, and Shadi Najm, 18, in Jenin, in the West Bank.
Yamen was from Abu Dis, east of occupied East Jerusalem, in the West Bank. Source: IMEMC
March 06, 2022: Karim Jamal al-Qawasmi, 19, was killed by Israeli soldiers near Bab Hutta gate, north of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, in the occupied capital Jerusalem, in the West Bank.
The soldiers shot the young man and left him bleeding without first aid until he succumbed to his wounds.
The soldiers fired a barrage of live fire at the young men before closing the entire area, including all gates leading to Al-Aqsa.
Israeli daily Haaretz said the Palestinian approached the officers, pulled out a knife, and stabbed one of them. Other officers at the scene opened fire at the attacker in response.
Haaretz quoted the Israeli police claiming that the Palestinian approached the officers at 4:30 at dawn, before stabbing and mildly one of them before the officers shot him.
However, the police did not explain how the second officer was hurt but only said: “two officers were injured mildly during the attack.”
Dozens of soldiers and police officers were also sent to the area and initiated extensive searches in the streets and alleys, especially around Al-Aqsa and the Old City.
The soldiers isolated the entire area and prevented the Palestinians from reaching the Al-Aqsa Mosque and many parts of the Old City.
A few hours after killing the Palestinian, dozens of Israeli soldiers, police, and intelligence officers invaded his home and ransacked the property, causing excessive damage, before abducting his father, mother, and brother.
Karim is also a former political prisoner, abducted when he was a teenager and was imprisoned for 18 months.
Karim was from the at-Tour town in occupied Jerusalem. Source: IMEMC